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Choudhary, S. K.
- 'Drumstick Tree' (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is Multipurpose Potential Crop in Rural Area of India
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1 Department of Agronomy, BAC, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bihar), IN
1 Department of Agronomy, BAC, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (Bihar), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 12, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 115-122Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam., a medium sized tree species has gained importance due to its multipurpose usage and well adaptability to dry and hot climates of north-western plains, central India and dry regions of peninsular India. Moringa oleifera Lam. (family: Moringaceae) is a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics. It has an impressive range of medicinal uses with high nutritional value. Different parts of this plant contain a profile of important minerals, and are a good source of protein, vitamins, β-carotene, amino acids and various phenolics. The moringa plant provides a rich and rare combination of zeatin, quercetin, β- sitosterol, caffeoylquinic acid and kaempferol. In addition to its compelling water purifying powers and high nutritional value, M. oleifera is very important for its medicinal value and it is also used in Dairy and meat production in dry regions is very complex due to low quality and shortage of fodder, especially in dry periods. In case of fodder shortage. i.e. unavailability of fodder in December through May as currently green fodder is least available after wheat, alfalfa, brassica and maize harvesting. This leads towards reduced livestock production and low-quality milk and meat products. and enlarging the gap between the availability of resources and the meeting of human and animals necessities. People are fulfilling their requirements for food and shelter by depleting natural resources. Moringa oleifera is one of those plants that has been neglected for several years but now is being investigated for its fast growth, higher nutritional attributes, and utilization as a livestock fodder crop. It can be grown as a crop on marginal lands with high temperatures and low water availability, where it is difficult to cultivate other agricultural crops.Keywords
Moringa oleifera, Antinutritional Factors, Livestock Fodder, Nutritional Quality, Medicinal Uses, Pharmacological Properties, Natural Coagulant.
References
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- Rashid, U., Anwar, F., Moser, B.R. and Knothe, G. (2008). Moringa oleifera oil: a possible source of biodiesel. Bioresour. Technol., 99:8175–8179.
- Richter, N., Perumal, S. and Klaus, B. (2003). Evaluation of nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves as an alternative protein source for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquacul., 217:599–611.
- Sanchez, N.R., Stig, L. and Inger, L. (2006). Biomass production and chemical composition of Moringa oleifera under different management regimes in Nicaragua. Agrofores. Sys.,66:231-242.
- Sharma, P., Kumari, P., Srivastava, M.M. and Srivastava, S. (2006). Removal of cadmium from aquous system by shelled Moringa oleifera Lam. Seed powder. Bioresour. Technol., 97:299–305.
- Singh, K.K. and Kumar, K. (1999). Ethnotherapeutics of some medicinal plants used as antipyretic agents among the tribals of India. J. Econ. Taxon. Bot., 23:135–141.
- Thurber, M.D. and Fahey, J.W. (2009).Adoption ofMoringa oleifera tocombat under-nutrition viewed through the lens of the“Diffusion of Innovations” theory. Ecol Food Nutr., 48:212–225.
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- Crosby, G.W.(2007). Soilless culture of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) for the production of fresh biomass - Udini. Available at: http://udini.proquest.com/view/soillesscultureofmoringa-moringa-goid:304844775/ [Accessed September 24, 2012].
- Mathur, B. (2006).Moringa for cattle fodder and plant growth. Treesfor Life J [online]. Available at http://www.tfljournal.org/ staticpages/index.php?page=call-for-studies-cattle-fodder.
- Role and its Utilization of Beneficial Micro-Organisms for Sustainable Crop Production
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1 Department of Agronomy, BAC, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar), IN
1 Department of Agronomy, BAC, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 12, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 370-378Abstract
Soil micro-organisms are important component of integrated nutrient management and soil biodiversity system. They play a pivotal role in the functioning of plants by influencing their physiology and development. It is very important role in biogeo-chemical cycles and has been used for crop production for decades. Plant-bacterial interactions in the rhizosphere are the determinants of plant health and soil fertility. Soil bacteria which are beneficial to plant growth, referred to plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which are capable of promoting plant growth by colonizing the plant ischolar_main. Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria include the Cyanobacteria of the genera Rhizobium, Brady rhizobium, Azorhizobium, Allorhizobium, Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium. Plant growth promotion and development can be facilitated both directly and indirectly. Indirect plant growth promotionincludes the prevention of the deleterious effects of phytopathogenic organisms. This can be achieved by the production of siderophores, i.e. small metal-binding molecules. Biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens and the synthesis of antibiotics have also been reported in several bacterial species. Another mechanism by which PGPR can inhibit phytopathogens is the production of hydrogencyanide (HCN) and/or fungal cell wall degrading enzymes, e.g., chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase. Direct plant growth promotion includes symbiotic and non-symbiotic PGPR which function through production of plant hormones suchas auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylene and abscisic acid. Production of indole-3-ethanol or indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), PGPR also help in solubilisation of mineral phosphates and other nutrients, enhance resistance to stress, stabilize soil aggregates, and improve soil structure and organic matter content. PGPR retain more soil organic N, and other nutrients in the plant-soil system, thus, reducing the need for fertilizer.Keywords
PGPR Symbiotic, Non-Symbiotic, P and K Solubilisation, Phytohormones, Bio Control.References
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- Babalola, O.O. (2010). Ethylene quantification in three rhizobacterial isolates fromStrigahermonthica infested maize and sorghum. Egypt. J. Biol., 12 : 1-5.
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- Unique Technique of Finger Millet Production under SRI System for Higher Yield Potential in Eastern India
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1 Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar), IN
1 Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar), IN
Source
Agriculture Update, Vol 11, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 454-458Abstract
Finger millet is a staple food crop in dryland, tribal areas and Diayara areas. It is cultivated both for grains and ‘fodder. SRI principles have been creatively adopted to suit the cultivation practices for finger millet, making it possible to produce 3-4 times more crop yield than with farmers’ traditional practices, without depending on new varieties. It does use small amounts of purchased inputs along with mostly organic inputs. It is cultivated mainly in Asia and Africa. It is staple food crop in many hilly regions of the country and it is grown both for grain and forage. In Northern hills, grains are eaten in the form of chapaties and in South India, grain flour is used for preparing gruel, cakes or unleavened bread, puddings, porridges, sweets etc. Germinating grains are malted and fed to infants and good for pregnant woman. It is considered as nutritive food for adults of different ages. Grains contain 9.2 per cent protein, 1.29 per cent fat, 76.32 per cent carbohydrates, 2.24 per cent minerals 3 per cent ash and 0.33 per cent Ca. It also contains vitamins A and B with small amount of P. It is good for persons suffering from diabetes. Green straw is suitable for making silage.
Keywords
Unique Technique, Finger Millet Production, SRI, Higher Yield Potential.- Status of Micronutrients in Aonla (Emblica officinalis) Orchards in Semi-Arid Eastern Plain of Rajasthan
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1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, M.P. University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner (Rajasthan), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, M.P. University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, M.P. University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner (Rajasthan), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, M.P. University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
Source
An Asian Journal of Soil Science, Vol 7, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 47-49Abstract
Twenty representative aonla orchards of Chomu Tehsil (district Jaipur) of Rajasthan were selected and depth wise composite soil samples were collected from 0 to 30, 30 to 45 and 45 to 60 cm. The textural classes of the soils varied from sandy loam to loamy sand. The calcium carbonate content in soils showed increasing trend with depth and it increased significantly with increased in sand, available calcium, pH and magnesium. The soils of study areas were non-saline in nature and EC values decreased with the increase of soil depth. The organic carbon content in soils was found to be low. Amongst micronutrients, available Fe, Zn and B contents in soils of most of the orchards had been found deficient while, Cu and Mn were found deficient to medium.Keywords
Micronutrients, Aonla.- Soil Health Management Under Vermicompost Based Integrated Nutrient Management in Wheat
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Affiliations
1 Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda (U.P.), IN
2 Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.), IN
3 Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar), IN
1 Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda (U.P.), IN
2 Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.), IN
3 Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar), IN
Source
An Asian Journal of Soil Science, Vol 13, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 40-44Abstract
The yield of wheat ranged from 29.16 to 45.14 and 29.56 to 49.14 q ha-1 during 2005-06 and 2006-07, respectively was influenced significantly by different treatments. During 2005-06 maximum grain yield (45.14 q ha-1) was recorded in case of treatment T10 (3 tonnes vermicompost + 100% NPK of RDF), where 100% NPK with vermicompost @ 3.0 t ha-1 was applied, was found statistically at par with treatment T7 (3 tonnes vermicompost +75% NPK of RDF), where vermicompost @ 3.0 t ha-1 was applied with 75% NPK and significantly higher than the rest of the treatment. Similar trend of treatments effect on grain yield was also obtained during second year i.e. 2006-07. With exception of T2 (one tonne vermicompost + 50% NPK of RDF), grain yield recorded in T1 (150: 60: 40: as NPK, recommended dose of fertilizers), where 100% NPK was supplemented through inorganic source was found significantly lower than the rest of the treatments. Graded does of vermicompost with similar does of NPK influenced the grain yield of wheat significantly during both the years with exception of T8 (one tonnes vermicompost +100% NPK of RDF) and T9 (two tonnes vermicompost + 100% NPK of RDF). Results revealed that 50% NPK can be substituted by the application of @1.0 t ha-1 vermicompost as the grain yield recorded in T1 (150: 60: 40: as NPK, recommended dose of fertilizers) and T2 (one tonne vermicompost + 50% NPK of RDF), was statistically similar while grain yield increased significantly due to application of vermicompost @ 2.0 t ha-1 with 50% NPK. Application of different does of vermicompost with 75% NPK yielded significantly higher than the T1 (150: 60: 40: as NPK, recommended dose of fertilizers), where only 100% NPK was applied during both the years. No significantly variation in grain yield of wheat was found between the treatments having application of 1 t ha-1 vermicompost with either 50% or 75% NPK but yield varied significantly between treatments having the application of 1 t ha-1 vermicompost with 50% or 100% NPK. Similarly no variation was also found between T3 (two tonne vermicompost + 50% NPK of RDF) and T6 (two tonne vermicompost + 75% NPK of RDF) and T4 (three tonne vermicompost + 50% NPK of RDF) and T7 (three tonnes vermicompost +75% NPK of RDF), while T4 (three tonne vermicompost + 50% NPK of RDF) and T10 (three tonnes vermicompost + 100% NPK of RDF), varied significantly during both the years. This implies that application of 3.0 t ha-1 of vermicompost along with 75% NPK is a better combination for optimum crop yield. This combination also enhanced the physical, chemical properties of soil by improving the availability of different nutrients.Keywords
Earthworms,vermicompost, Chemical Fertilizers, Soil Fertility, Plant Productivity.References
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- Foreign and Indian Experience in Policy and Regulatory Issues and Challenges for Private Investment in the Indian Power Sector
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad (NCR), IN
2 National Power Training Institute, Faridabad, IN
1 Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad (NCR), IN
2 National Power Training Institute, Faridabad, IN